Fuel costs are always a top concern for businesses and individuals in the transportation sector. Especially for light trucks, optimizing fuel consumption is crucial for economic efficiency. Among the popular light truck models in the Vietnamese market, the Volga 4T light truck stands out as a worthy option. So, how do you effectively manage and save fuel for this truck? This article from Xe Tải Mỹ Đình experts will provide the most detailed and useful information.
I. Fuel Consumption Calculation Formula for Volga 4T Light Truck
To scientifically manage fuel costs, understanding the fuel consumption calculation formula is essential. Below is the formula applied to easily calculate the fuel needed for each trip of the Volga 4T light truck:
Mc = K1. L/100 + K2 . P/100 + nK3
Where:
- Mc: Total fuel supplied for a trip (liters). This is the final result we need to calculate to determine the amount of fuel needed for the Volga 4T light truck on a specific journey.
- K1: Technical norm (liters/100 km). This is the basic fuel consumption of the Volga 4T light truck when operating on a standard road (level 1) and without cargo. This information is usually provided by the manufacturer or can be determined through practical surveys.
- K2: Load allowance (liters). Represents the additional fuel consumption due to the truck carrying cargo. This value depends on the cargo weight and transportation distance. For the Volga 4T light truck using diesel fuel, K2 is regulated at 1.3 liters/100 T.km.
- K3: Allowance for stopping for loading and unloading (liters). Calculates the fuel consumed when the truck stops to perform loading and unloading operations. For the Volga 4T light truck, K3 is 0.2 liters per stop (over 1 minute).
- L: Total distance traveled (km). Includes both loaded and unloaded distances, after conversion to level 1 road. This conversion is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the calculation, especially when the Volga 4T light truck travels on different types of roads.
- P: Total freight turnover (T.km). Calculated by multiplying the cargo weight by the transportation distance, after conversion to level 1 road.
- n: Number of loading/unloading times or number of stops (over 1 minute).
Volga 4T light truck with a closed container, a popular configuration for light trucks
II. Technical Norm K1 for Volga 4T Light Truck
The technical norm K1 is a key factor in the fuel calculation formula. For the Volga 4T light truck, accurately determining K1 requires a combination of information from the manufacturer and practical surveys.
Currently, there is no official document specifying the K1 norm for each new light truck model like the Volga 4T. However, we can refer to the following methods to determine K1 appropriately:
- Refer to the norms of equivalent vehicles: Based on the reference fuel consumption table (Tables 1 and 2 in the original article), you can estimate K1 for the Volga 4T light truck by comparing it with trucks with similar tonnage and engine. However, note that these tables are quite old and may not be entirely suitable for modern vehicles.
- Conduct a practical survey: The most accurate method is to conduct a practical survey of the fuel consumption of the Volga 4T light truck under specific operating conditions of the business. The survey should be conducted on a level 1 road, without cargo or with a light load, and at a constant speed.
- Refer to experiences from the community: Truck forums and groups are places to share useful experiences. You can consult opinions from people who have used and are using the Volga 4T light truck to get an initial K1 reference number.
After obtaining the initial K1 data, the business should continue to monitor and adjust this norm over time, based on actual fuel consumption data from the Volga 4T fleet.
III. Fuel Allowance Factors K2 and K3 for Volga 4T Light Truck
1. Load Allowance (K2)
The load allowance K2 reflects the increased fuel consumption when the Volga 4T light truck has to transport goods. According to current regulations, for diesel trucks, K2 = 1.3 liters/100 T.km.
For example: If the Volga 4T light truck carries 4 tons of goods and travels a distance of 100km (level 1 road), the load allowance K2 will be calculated as follows:
K2 = 1.3 liters/100 T.km (4 tons 100 km) / 100 = 5.2 liters
Thus, this trip will have an additional 5.2 liters of fuel added to the norm.
2. Stop Allowance (K3)
The stop allowance K3 (0.2 liters/stop over 1 minute) applies to each time the Volga 4T light truck stops to load and unload goods. The number of stops (n) will be counted on each trip.
For example: On a delivery trip, the Volga 4T light truck has to stop 5 times to load and unload goods. The stop allowance K3 will be:
nK3 = 5 times * 0.2 liters/time = 1 liter
In total, this trip will have an additional 1 liter of fuel added due to stopping.
IV. Cases of Increasing Fuel Consumption Norm for Volga 4T Light Truck
During the operation of the Volga 4T light truck, there are some special cases where the fuel consumption norm needs to be adjusted upward to accurately reflect actual consumption:
- Old vehicle or after major repair: Vehicles that have been used for many years or after major repairs will have higher fuel consumption because the engine and other systems are no longer operating in the best condition. The increase is specifically regulated according to the number of years of use or the number of major repairs (refer to section 1.5a in the original article).
- Training vehicle: The Volga 4T light truck used for driving training purposes will consume more fuel because it must operate in an unloaded mode, stop continuously, and driving operations are not yet proficient. The increase is 5% of the total fuel calculated according to K1.
- Operating at slow speeds or stopping engine operation: In some special situations such as traffic jams, moving in warehouses, the Volga 4T light truck must move at very low speeds or stop but the engine must still operate to serve other activities. In this case, the unloaded distance can be added by 5km to calculate fuel allowance.
- Transportation in the city: High traffic density and crowded roads in the city cause the Volga 4T light truck to frequently stop, accelerate, and decelerate, leading to higher fuel consumption. The increase is 20% for each transport trip in the city.
- Operating on bad roads, mountainous terrain, fog: Bad road conditions, mountainous terrain, slippery conditions, or foggy weather increase rolling resistance, wind resistance, and require the engine to operate more strongly, leading to increased fuel consumption. The increase is 20% of the total fuel.
Volga 4T light truck performing delivery, a common activity for light trucks in urban areas
V. Fuel Allowance Factor for Converting Road Types for Volga 4T Light Truck
The Volga 4T light truck does not always travel on a standard level 1 road. When operating on different types of roads, fuel consumption will vary significantly. To calculate accurately, it is necessary to use the fuel allowance factor to convert road types (refer to table 1.6 in the original article).
For example: If the Volga 4T light truck travels 100km on a level 3 road, the allowance factor for diesel vehicles is 1.45. The distance converted to level 1 road will be:
Converted distance = 100 km * 1.45 = 145 km
When calculating the fuel consumption norm, we will use this converted distance (L = 145 km) instead of the actual distance (100 km).
| Road Level | Allowance Factor (Diesel) |
|---|---|
| Level 1 (standard) | 1.00 |
| Level 2 | 1.15 |
| Level 3 | 1.45 |
| Level 4 | 1.65 |
| Level 5 | 1.85 |
VI. Consumption Norm for Lubricating Oil and Grease for Volga 4T Light Truck
In addition to fuel, lubricating oil and grease are also an important operating cost of the Volga 4T light truck. The consumption norm for lubricating oil and grease is calculated based on the amount of fuel consumed.
- Engine lubricating oil (Diesel): 0.5 liters of oil/100 liters of fuel.
- Transmission oil (1 active axle): 0.08 liters of oil/100 liters of fuel.
- Transmission oil (2 or more active axles): 0.07 liters of oil/100 liters of fuel/axle.
- Lubricating grease: 0.6 kg of grease/100 liters of fuel.
For example: If the Volga 4T light truck consumes 200 liters of diesel fuel in a month, the consumption norm for lubricating oil and grease will be:
- Engine oil: 200 liters * 0.5% = 1 liter
- Transmission oil (assuming 1 axle): 200 liters * 0.08% = 0.16 liters
- Lubricating grease: 200 liters * 0.6% = 1.2 kg
VII. Conclusion and Fuel Saving Solutions for Volga 4T Light Truck
Managing and controlling the fuel consumption norm for the Volga 4T light truck is a continuous process and requires attention to many factors. By applying the fuel consumption calculation formula, understanding the influencing factors, and implementing fuel-saving measures, businesses and individuals can minimize operating costs and improve economic efficiency.
Xe Tải Mỹ Đình recommends that owners of Volga 4T light trucks should regularly monitor actual fuel consumption, compare it with the calculated norm, and adjust when necessary. At the same time, regular vehicle maintenance, choosing reasonable routes, and training fuel-efficient drivers are also important solutions to optimize fuel costs for this truck model.
