Operating a crane truck requires specialized knowledge and practical skills to ensure safety and efficiency. This article provides detailed information on the structure, classification, applications, and operation considerations of crane trucks.
What is a Crane Truck? Its Structure?
A crane truck, also known as a truck with crane, crane mounted truck, or truck mounted crane, is a combination of a conventional truck and a hydraulic crane. It consists of two main parts:
1. Base Vehicle
This is the standard truck component, which can be brands like Hino, Isuzu, Hyundai, Dongfeng… and is classified by:
- Segment: Light truck, medium truck, heavy truck.
- Number of axles: 2 axles (4×2), 3 axles (6×2, 6×4), 4 axles (8×4), 5 axles (10×4).
- Payload: 2, 3, 5, 8, 15, 19,… tons.
- Gross vehicle weight: 5, 10, 15, 24, 31, 34 tons.
2. Hydraulic Crane
The hydraulic crane operates based on oil pressure combined with a mechanical system, allowing the boom to extend/retract, raise/lower, rotate, and lift cargo. There are two main types of hydraulic cranes:
- Straight boom crane: Unic, Tadano, Soosan…
- Knuckle boom crane (Robot): Hyva, Ferrari, Palfinger…
Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, suitable for different applications. The crane is connected to the base vehicle by a crane mounting system and is securely reinforced with outriggers and chocks to ensure safe operation.
Crane Hook Pulley Assembly:
Crane hook pulley assembly
Control: The crane is controlled by hydraulic levers or a high-mounted control seat (for cranes with a lifting capacity of 7 tons or more).
Power Source: The hydraulic pump is powered by the vehicle’s engine through a power take-off (PTO) unit installed at the rear of the gearbox.
Applications of Crane Trucks
Crane trucks are widely used in many fields:
- Cargo transportation: Transporting machinery, building materials, spare parts,…
- Construction: Lifting, installing, demolishing structures.
- Manufacturing: Supporting production, transporting raw materials.
- Landscaping: Planting, moving, and caring for trees.
- Other: Installing additional accessories such as man baskets, drill heads, clamshell buckets… to perform specialized tasks.
Crane Truck Classification
Classifying crane trucks helps in selecting the right type of vehicle for specific needs and investment capabilities:
1. By payload and lifting capacity:
- Light truck: Payload from 1 to 5 tons, crane 2-3 tons.
- Medium truck: Payload from 6 to 10 tons, crane 3-5 tons.
- Heavy truck: Payload over 10 tons, crane from 7 tons and up.
2. By crane structure:
- Straight boom crane: Long reach, flexible lifting in tight spaces.
- Knuckle boom crane: Good lifting capacity, fast lifting speed, freeing up truck bed space.
3. By function:
- Transportation: Prioritize large payload, small crane (2-5 tons).
- Installation: Prioritize large crane (7 tons and up), heavy truck.
- Multi-purpose: Combine multiple functions with specialized accessories.
Conclusion
Operating crane trucks efficiently and safely requires a thorough understanding of their structure, classification, applications, and adherence to operating procedures. Choosing the right type of crane truck that suits your needs will optimize work efficiency and save costs. Contact Xe Tải Mỹ Đình for more detailed advice on crane truck models and optimal transport solutions.
