The trend of choosing pickup trucks is increasingly popular due to their powerful performance and flexibility across various terrains. One of the most important features of a pickup truck is its 4-wheel drive system with different 4WD modes. So, how do you engage 4WD in a pickup truck? This article will provide detailed instructions on how to use the 4WD system, helping you operate your vehicle safely and efficiently.
Electronic 4WD mode selector dial in a pickup truck.
When Should You Use 4WD?
The 4WD system allows drivers to select between 2-wheel drive (2H) or 4-wheel drive (4H, 4L) modes. Understanding when to use each mode is crucial for optimizing performance and protecting your vehicle. Here are some situations where you should use 4WD mode:
- Off-road Terrain: When driving on rough, uneven terrain, climbing slopes, sandy roads, mud, streams, etc., 4H or 4L mode will help the vehicle overcome obstacles more easily thanks to the even distribution of traction to all 4 wheels.
- Heavy Loads: When carrying heavy loads, using 4WD mode increases road grip, stabilizes the vehicle body, and makes it easier to control.
- Slippery Roads: On slippery roads due to rain, snow, or ice, 4H mode increases traction, ensuring safety while driving.
Ford Ranger Wildtrak demonstrating its off-road capabilities.
Meaning of 2H, 4H, 4L Modes and How to Use Them
Most modern pickup trucks are equipped with an electronic rotary dial to switch between 4WD modes. Common modes include:
- 2H (2WD): 2-wheel drive mode, only driving the rear 2 wheels. Used for flat roads, urban areas, helping to save fuel.
- 4H (4WD High): 4-wheel drive high mode, driving all 4 wheels at high speed. Used for slippery roads, light off-road, and hilly roads.
- 4L (4WD Low): 4-wheel drive low mode, driving all 4 wheels at low speed. Used for difficult off-road terrain requiring high traction such as steep slopes, deep mud.
- 4HLc & 4LLc: Some models also have 4HLc (4WD High with center differential lock) and 4LLc (4WD Low with center differential lock) modes, helping to increase the ability to overcome complex terrain.
Instructions for Switching 4WD Modes
Switching between 4WD modes requires following the correct procedure to avoid damage to the drivetrain system:
- 2H to 4H: Perform when the vehicle is running at speeds below 100km/h (approximately 60 mph).
- 4H to 2H: Can be performed at any speed.
- 2H or 4H to 4L: For automatic transmission vehicles, stop the vehicle and shift the gear lever to N (Neutral). For manual transmission vehicles, stop the vehicle, depress the clutch, and shift to neutral.
Purpose of using different 4WD modes in a pickup truck.
Notes When Using the 4WD System
- Tire Pressure: Adjust tire pressure to suit the terrain. Increase pressure when driving on gravel roads, reduce pressure when driving on sand or mud.
- Speed: Do not drive at high speeds when using 4L mode.
- Maintenance: Regularly check and maintain the 4-wheel drive system according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Conclusion
Knowing how to engage 4WD in your pickup truck correctly is an important factor in maximizing the vehicle’s performance and ensuring safety when driving on all terrains. Understanding the meaning and how to use each 4WD mode will help you become a smart and confident pickup truck driver. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions and drive safely.
