What role do fan ownership models play in shaping fan culture and behavior? How does the commercialization of football affect fan identity and the potential for hooliganism?

“Hooliganism” is the term used broadly to describe disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour perpetrated by spectators at sporting events. ... football hooliganism pointed to the link to lower working class social groups. But these findings were never properly tested and at the time most non ... Feb 8, 2024 ... 'Collective punishment'. The decision, as well as similar ones in recent weeks in Bern, Lausanne, Lucerne and St Gallen, has prompted a volley ... Jan 23, 2019 ... ' America is better known for gangs that fight with guns than those that fight at sports events. Don't football hooligans seem a ... Dec 13, 2001 ... If you're talking about the modern game, then look no further than the 1880s and, in particular, Preston North End. In 1885, Preston's 5-0 ... Hooliganism became more and more a problem aloof from the football stadiums in the 80s and 90s. Many supporters went to matches not to see the game but to join ... Jul 4, 2022 ... This treatment will not analyse any actual links between the trade union movement and football supporters, but will focus on the Government and press treatment ... Jun 11, 2009 ... Hooliganism is almost 100% football related. If you get trouble at any other sporting event it's normally caused by "Football" supporters going to some other ... Jan 26, 2023 ... British football fans have a well-deserved bad reputation for hooliganism and violence. In this episode, we explore where this comes from, ... Nov 30, 2021 ... Professional football matches explain 1 percent of all violent assaults, and generate social costs of roughly 295 million euros.